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RESEARCH

Examining Period Poverty and Menstrual Equity in Nepal

ALISSAR DALLOUL, Harvard College ‘27

THURJ Volume 15 | Issue 2

Abstract

This paper examines the issue of menstrual inequity in Nepal, highlighting the case of sixteen-year-old Anita Chand, who died from a snakebite while in menstrual exile. Despite being outlawed, the ancient practice of Chhaupadi — the Nepali tradition for menstrual exile — persists due to deep-rooted cultural beliefs that label menstruation as impure. By employing a socioecological model, biosocial lens, and interdisciplinary case studies, this paper analyzes Nepali traditions and social structures that promote menstrual stigma; the research demonstrates that period poverty, cultural stigmas, and voids in reproductive healthcare significantly contribute to poor (and even deadly) physical and mental health outcomes for menstruators. Moreover, in including historical and sociocultural contexts, this discussion addresses the overlaps between gender, class, and patriarchal systems that, together, further perpetuate menstrual inequity. In this way, employing a social-ecological model, a biosocial lens, and interdisciplinary studies,this discussion addresses the overlaps between gender, class, and patriarchal systems perpetuating menstrual equity. While using this biosocial lens to balance a respect for cultural mores with the need for change, this paper identifies the root social and historical problems contributing to menstrual equity — and provides comprehensive recommendations for tackling these challenges. Such recommendations focus on educational initiatives, policy reforms, and media engagement to dismantle harmful cultural norms and remediate menstrual inequity. The case of Anita Chand serves as a sobering example, underscoring the urgent need for sustained efforts that ensure no individual suffers due to a normal biological process.

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